Implementation outcomes
Implementation outcomes have been defined as ‘the effects of deliberate and purposive actions to implement new treatments, practices and services and are distinct from service and client (patient) outcomes’ [Proctor et al, 2011].
The implementation outcome instruments included in this repository correspond to the implementation outcomes, associated definitions and ‘commonly used terms’ (presented below) proposed in the Implementation Outcomes Taxonomy developed by Proctor et al, 2011. The Implementation Outcomes Taxonomy includes eight conceptually distinct but interrelated implementation outcomes: acceptability, appropriateness, feasibility, adoption, fidelity, penetration, implementation cost and sustainability.
Implementation outcomes
(based on Proctor et al's 2011 taxonomy)
Implementation outcomes
- Acceptability
- Adoption
- Appropriateness
- Costs
- Feasibility
- Fidelity
- Penetration
- Sustainability
Services outcomes
- Efficiency
- Safety
- Equity
- Patient Centeredness
- Timeliness
Client outcomes
- Satisfaction
- Function
- Symptomatology
Implementation outcomes defined
Click on each implementation outcome below to view all instruments measuring that outcome:
Acceptability instruments
The perception among implementation stakeholders that a given treatment, service, practice, or innovation is agreeable, palatable, or satisfactory. Commonly used terms: Satisfaction with various aspects of the innovation (e.g. content, complexity, comfort, delivery, and credibility).
Adoption instruments
The intention, initial decision, or action to try or employ an innovation or evidence-based practice. Commonly used terms: Uptake; utilisation; initial implementation; intention to try.
Appropriateness instruments
The perceived fit, relevance, or compatibility of the innovation or evidence-based practice for a given practice setting, provider, or consumer; and/or perceived fit of the innovation to address a particular issue or problem. Commonly used terms: Perceived fit; relevance; compatibility; suitability; usefulness; practicability.
Feasibility instruments
The extent to which a new treatment, or an innovation, can be successfully used or carried out within a given agency or setting. Commonly used terms: Actual fit or utility; suitability for everyday use; practicability.
Penetration instruments
The integration of a practice within a service setting and its subsystems. Commonly used terms: Level of institutionalisation; Spread; Service access.
Sustainability instruments
The extent to which a newly implemented treatment is maintained or institutionalised within a service setting’s ongoing, stable operations. Commonly used terms: Maintenance; continuation; durability; incorporation; integration; institutionalisation; sustained use; routinisation.
These implementation outcomes do not contain any instruments:
Costs instruments
The cost impact of an implementation effort. Commonly used terms: Marginal cost; cost-effectiveness; cost-benefit.
*Please note the repository does not contain any instruments that measure cost as no instruments were identified in the systematic review that the repository is based upon*
Fidelity instruments
The degree to which an intervention was implemented as it was prescribed in the original protocol or as it was intended by the program developers. Commonly used terms: Delivered as intended; adherence; integrity; quality of program delivery.
*Please note that the repository does not contain instruments that measure fidelity as such instruments tend to focus on specific interventions, thus significantly limiting their generalisability to other innovations and evidence-based practices*